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Compare Oman (2005) - Heard Island and McDonald Islands (2008)

Compare Oman (2005) z Heard Island and McDonald Islands (2008)

 Oman (2005)Heard Island and McDonald Islands (2008)
 OmanHeard Island and McDonald Islands
Administrative divisions 5 regions (manaatiq, singular - mintaqat) and 3 governorates* (muhaafazaat, singular - muhaafaza) Ad Dakhiliyah, Al Batinah, Al Wusta, Ash Sharqiyah, Az Zahirah, Masqat*, Musandam*, Zufar* -
Age structure 0-14 years: 42.6% (male 652,028/female 626,698)


15-64 years: 54.9% (male 978,183/female 668,814)


65 years and over: 2.5% (male 41,366/female 34,494) (2005 est.)		 -
Agriculture - products dates, limes, bananas, alfalfa, vegetables; camels, cattle; fish -
Airports 136 (2004 est.) -
Airports - with paved runways total: 6


over 3,047 m: 4


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2004 est.)		 -
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 130


over 3,047 m: 2


2,438 to 3,047 m: 7


1,524 to 2,437 m: 52


914 to 1,523 m: 34


under 914 m: 35 (2004 est.)		 -
Area total: 212,460 sq km


land: 212,460 sq km


water: 0 sq km		 total: 412 sq km


land: 412 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Kansas slightly more than two times the size of Washington, DC
Background In 1970, QABOOS bin Said Al Said ousted his father and has ruled as sultan ever since. His extensive modernization program has opened the country to the outside world and has preserved a long-standing political and military relationship with the UK. Oman's moderate, independent foreign policy has sought to maintain good relations with all Middle Eastern countries. These uninhabited, barren, sub-Antarctic islands were transferred from the UK to Australia in 1947. Populated by large numbers of seal and bird species, the islands have been designated a nature preserve.
Birth rate 36.73 births/1,000 population (2005 est.) -
Budget revenues: $9.291 billion


expenditures: $8.747 billion, including capital expenditures of NA (2004 est.)		 -
Capital Muscat -
Climate dry desert; hot, humid along coast; hot, dry interior; strong southwest summer monsoon (May to September) in far south antarctic
Coastline 2,092 km 101.9 km
Constitution none; note - on 6 November 1996, Sultan QABOOS issued a royal decree promulgating a basic law considered by the government to be a constitution which, among other things, clarifies the royal succession, provides for a prime minister, bars ministers from holding interests in companies doing business with the government, establishes a bicameral legislature, and guarantees basic civil liberties for Omani citizens -
Country name conventional long form: Sultanate of Oman


conventional short form: Oman


local long form: Saltanat Uman


local short form: Uman


former: Muscat and Oman		 conventional long form: Territory of Heard Island and McDonald Islands


conventional short form: Heard Island and McDonald Islands


abbreviation: HIMI
Death rate 3.86 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.) -
Debt - external $4.814 billion (2004 est.) -
Dependency status - territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Antarctic Division of the Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador Richard Lewis BALTIMORE III


embassy: Jameat A'Duwal Al Arabiya Street, Al Khuwair area, Muscat


mailing address: P. O. Box 202, P.C. 115, Madinat Al-Sultan Qaboos, Muscat


telephone: [968] 24-698989


FAX: [968] 24-699771		 none (territory of Australia)
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Muhammad bin Ali bin Thani al-KHUSSAIBY


chancery: 2535 Belmont Road, NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 387-1980 through 1981, 1988


FAX: [1] (202) 745-4933		 none (territory of Australia)
Disputes - international boundary agreement reportedly signed and ratified with UAE in 2003 for entire border, including Oman's Musandam Peninsula and Al Madhah exclave, but details have not been made public none
Economic aid - recipient $76.4 million (1995) -
Economy - overview Oman is a middle-income economy in the Middle East with notable oil and gas resources, a substantial trade surplus, and low inflation. The government is privatizing its utilities and diversifying its economy to attract foreign investment. Oman continues to liberalize its markets and joined the World Trade Organization (WTO) in November 2000. To reduce unemployment and limit dependence on foreign countries, the government is encouraging the replacement of expatriate workers with local people, i.e., Omanization. Training in information technology, business management, and English support this objective. Industrial development plans focus on gas resources, metal manufacturing, petrochemicals, and international transshipment ports. The islands have no indigenous economic activity, but the Australian Government allows limited fishing in the surrounding waters.
Electricity - consumption 9.792 billion kWh (2003) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2002) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2002) -
Electricity - production 9.896 billion kWh (2003) -
Elevation extremes lowest point: Arabian Sea 0 m


highest point: Jabal Shams 2,980 m		 lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mawson Peak, on Big Ben 2,745 m
Environment - current issues rising soil salinity; beach pollution from oil spills; very limited natural fresh water resources NA
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements		 -
Ethnic groups Arab, Baluchi, South Asian (Indian, Pakistani, Sri Lankan, Bangladeshi), African -
Exchange rates Omani rials per US dollar - 0.3845 (2004), 0.3845 (2003), 0.3845 (2002), 0.3845 (2001), 0.3845 (2000) -
Executive branch chief of state: Sultan and Prime Minister QABOOS bin Said al-Said (since 23 July 1970); note - the monarch is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: Sultan and Prime Minister QABOOS bin Said al-Said (since 23 July 1970); note - the monarch is both the chief of state and head of government


cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the monarch


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary		 -
Exports 721,000 bbl/day (2004) -
Exports - commodities petroleum, reexports, fish, metals, textiles -
Exports - partners China 29.5%, South Korea 17.5%, Japan 11.5%, Thailand 10.6%, UAE 7.2% (2004) -
Fiscal year calendar year -
Flag description three horizontal bands of white, red, and green of equal width with a broad, vertical, red band on the hoist side; the national emblem (a khanjar dagger in its sheath superimposed on two crossed swords in scabbards) in white is centered near the top of the vertical band the flag of Australia is used
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 3.1%


industry: 41.1%


services: 55.8% (2004 est.)		 -
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $13,100 (2004 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 1.2% (2004 est.) -
Geographic coordinates 21 00 N, 57 00 E 53 06 S, 72 31 E
Geography - note strategic location on Musandam Peninsula adjacent to Strait of Hormuz, a vital transit point for world crude oil -
Heliports 1 (2004 est.) -
Highways total: 34,965 km


paved: 9,673 km (including 550 km of expressways)


unpaved: 25,292 km (2001)		 -
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA		 -
Imports NA -
Imports - commodities machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, food, livestock, lubricants -
Imports - partners UAE 21.2%, Japan 16.6%, UK 8.4%, Italy 6%, Germany 5.1%, US 4.7% (2004) -
Independence 1650 (expulsion of the Portuguese) -
Industrial production growth rate -1.2% (2004 est.) -
Industries crude oil production and refining, natural and liquefied natural gas (LNG) production, construction, cement, copper, steel, chemicals, optic fiber -
Infant mortality rate total: 19.51 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 22.35 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 16.53 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)		 -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 0.2% (2004 est.) -
International organization participation ABEDA, AFESD, AMF, FAO, G-77, GCC, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, LAS, MIGA, NAM, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, WToO -
Irrigated land 620 sq km (1998 est.) 0 sq km
Judicial branch Supreme Court


note: the nascent civil court system, administered by region, has judges who practice secular and Sharia (Islamic) law		 -
Labor force 920,000 (2002 est.) -
Labor force - by occupation agriculture NA, industry NA, services NA -
Land boundaries total: 1,374 km


border countries: Saudi Arabia 676 km, UAE 410 km, Yemen 288 km		 0 km
Land use arable land: 0.12%


permanent crops: 0.14%


other: 99.74% (2001)		 arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2005)
Languages Arabic (official), English, Baluchi, Urdu, Indian dialects -
Legal system based on English common law and Islamic law; ultimate appeal to the monarch; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction the laws of Australia, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch bicameral Majlis Oman consists of an upper chamber or Majlis al-Dawla (58 seats; members appointed by the monarch; has advisory powers only) and a lower chamber or Majlis al-Shura (83 seats; members elected by universal suffrage for four-year term; body has some limited power to propose legislation, but otherwise has only advisory powers)


elections: last held 4 October 2003 (next to be held NA 2007)


election results: NA		 -
Life expectancy at birth total population: 73.13 years


male: 70.92 years


female: 75.46 years (2005 est.)		 -
Literacy definition: NA


total population: 75.8%


male: 83.1%


female: 67.2% (2003 est.)		 -
Location Middle East, bordering the Arabian Sea, Gulf of Oman, and Persian Gulf, between Yemen and UAE islands in the Indian Ocean, about two-thirds of the way from Madagascar to Antarctica
Map references Middle East Antarctic Region
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 24 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm		 territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine total: 1 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 15,430 GRT/6,360 DWT


by type: passenger 1 (2005)		 -
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of Australia; Australia conducts fisheries patrols
Military branches Royal Omani Armed Forces: Royal Army of Oman, Royal Navy of Oman, Royal Air Force of Oman (2005) -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $252.99 million (2004) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 11.4% (2003) -
National holiday Birthday of Sultan QABOOS, 18 November (1940) -
Nationality noun: Omani(s)


adjective: Omani		 -
Natural hazards summer winds often raise large sandstorms and dust storms in interior; periodic droughts Mawson Peak, an active volcano, is on Heard Island
Natural resources petroleum, copper, asbestos, some marble, limestone, chromium, gypsum, natural gas fish
Net migration rate 0.31 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.) -
Pipelines gas 3,754 km; oil 3,212 km (2004) -
Political parties and leaders none -
Political pressure groups and leaders none -
Population 3,001,583


note: includes 577,293 non-nationals (July 2005 est.)		 uninhabited
Population below poverty line NA -
Population growth rate 3.32% (2005 est.) -
Ports and harbors Mina' Qabus, Salalah -
Radio broadcast stations AM 3, FM 9, shortwave 2 (1999) -
Religions Ibadhi Muslim 75%, Sunni Muslim, Shi'a Muslim, Hindu -
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.46 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 1.2 male(s)/female


total population: 1.26 male(s)/female (2005 est.)		 -
Suffrage in Oman's most recent Majlis al-Shura elections in 2003, suffrage was universal for all Omanis over age 21 except for members of the military and security forces; the next Majlis al-Shura elections are scheduled for 2007 -
Telephone system general assessment: modern system consisting of open-wire, microwave, and radiotelephone communication stations; limited coaxial cable


domestic: open-wire, microwave, radiotelephone communications, and a domestic satellite system with 8 earth stations


international: country code - 968; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and 1 Arabsat		 -
Telephones - main lines in use 233,900 (2002) -
Telephones - mobile cellular 464,900 (2002) -
Television broadcast stations 13 (plus 25 low-power repeaters) (1999) -
Terrain central desert plain, rugged mountains in north and south Heard Island - 80% ice-covered, bleak and mountainous, dominated by a large massif (Big Ben) and an active volcano (Mawson Peak); McDonald Islands - small and rocky
Total fertility rate 5.84 children born/woman (2005 est.) -
Unemployment rate 15% (2004 est.) -
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